Definition of Thoracic Surgery
Thoracic surgery encompasses the pre and postoperative, operative, and surgical critical care of patients with acquired and congenital pathologic conditions within the chest. Included are the surgical repair of congenital and acquired conditions of the heart, including the pericardium, coronary arteries, valves, great vessels and myocardium. It also includes pathologic conditions of the lung, esophagus and chest wall, tumors of the mediastinum, and diseases of the diaphragm. Surgery of the airway and injuries to the chest are also within the scope of the specialty. Transplantation of the lung(s) and heart, and temporary and permanent circulatory support are also important facets of thoracic surgery.
Thoracic surgery encompasses three subspecialties: adult cardiac surgery, general thoracic surgery and congenital heart surgery.